Stanley, Sir Henry Morton

Stanley, Sir Henry Morton
(1841–1904)
   British-American journalist, politician, and explorer whose expeditions to find David Livingstone and explore the Congo river basin opened the African interior to European expansion and touched off the Scramble for Africa. Born John Rowlands, he left Britain in 1859 as a deck hand on a ship bound for New Orleans and on arrival took the name of a local businessman who befriended him. After serving in the American Civil War, the newly renamed Stanley began his career as a journalist working for the Missouri Democrat and then the New York Herald.
   Stanley’s coverage of the 1868 Abyssinia War led the New York Herald to send him to Africa in search of David Livingstone, the British missionary who had disappeared while exploring the lakes region of central Africa. Stanley traveled overland from Zanzibar, finally finding Livingstone in November 1871. After returning to Europe to publish an account of his exploits, he resumed his African explorations in 1874 with a new expedition that circled Lakes Victoria and Tanganyika and then followed the Congo from its source to the Atlantic. Shortly thereafter he was hired by Leopold II of Belgium and worked from 1879–1884 overseeing the construction of trading stations and signing treaties with local chieftains who gave Leopold control over the Congo. Stanley returned to Africa in 1887 to lead an expedition to rescue Emin Pasha, the Egyptian governor of Sudan who had been cut off by the Mahdi ’s revolt. Although the mission was a success, the expedition’s heavy losses and his reputation for violence and brutality earned on earlier expeditions signifi-cantly damaged Stanley’s reputation. Shortly after his return to England in 1889, he married, became a re-naturalized British subject, and ran for Parliament as a member of the Liberal Unionist party. He was knighted in 1899 and retired to his country estate in Surrey the following year.
   See also <>; <>; <>.
   FURTHER READING:
    Bierman, John. Dark Safari: The Life behind the Legend of Henry Morton Stanley. New York: Alfred A. Knopf, 1990;
    Dugard, Martin. Into Africa: The Epic Adventures of Stanley and Livingstone. New York: Doubleday, 2003;
    McLynn, Frank. Stanley: The Making of an African Explorer. London: Constable, 1989;
    Newman, James L. Imperial Footprints: Henry Morton Stanley ’ s African Journeys. Washington, DC: Brassey’s, 2004.
   KENNETH J. OROSZ

Encyclopedia of the Age of Imperialism, 1800–1914. 2014.

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  • Stanley,Sir Henry Morton — Stanley, Sir Henry Morton. 1841 1904. British journalist and explorer known for his expedition into Africa in search of David Livingstone, whom he greeted with the words “Doctor Livingstone, I presume?” (1871). * * * …   Universalium

  • Stanley, Sir Henry Morton — orig. John Rowlands born Jan. 28, 1841, Denbigh, Denbighshire, Wales died May 10, 1904, London, Eng. British U.S. explorer of central Africa. An illegitimate child, Stanley grew up partly in a British workhouse; he sailed to the U.S. as a cabin… …   Universalium

  • Stanley, sir Henry Morton — ► (1841 1904) Seudónimo de John Rowlands, periodista y famoso explorador británico. Fue enviado por el New York Herald en busca del doctor Livingstone (1871), a quien halló en la región del lago Tanganica. Alcanzó renombre universal por sus… …   Enciclopedia Universal

  • Stanley, Sir Henry Morton — (1841 1904)    Traveller in Africa, b. in America, went to find, and found, Livingstone, and wrote an account of his adventures in the quest, How I found Livingstone. Other works were In Darkest Africa and Through the Dark Continent …   Short biographical dictionary of English literature

  • Sir Henry Morton Stanley — Henry Morton Stanley ██████████1 % Traduction …   Wikipédia en Français

  • Henry Morton Stanley — Sir Henry Morton Stanley (* 28. Januar 1841 als John Rowlands in Denbigh, Wales; † 10. Mai 1904 in London), auch Bula Matari („der die Steine bricht“), war ein britisch amerikanischer Journalist, Afrikaforscher und …   Deutsch Wikipedia

  • Henry Morton Stanley's first trans-Africa exploration — Stanley posing later (in London) with Kalulu in the suit he wore when he found Livingstone …   Wikipedia

  • Sir Henry Morton Stanley — noun Welsh journalist and explorer who led an expedition to Africa in search of David Livingstone and found him in Tanzania in 1871; he and Livingstone together tried to find the source of the Nile River (1841 1904) • Syn: ↑Stanley, ↑Henry M.… …   Useful english dictionary

  • Henry Morton Stanley — Sir Henry Morton Stanley Journalist and explorer Born John Rowlands 28 January 1841(1841 01 28) Denbigh, Wales …   Wikipedia

  • Henry Morton Stanley — Nacimiento …   Wikipedia Español

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