Quadruple Alliance

Quadruple Alliance
(1815)
   An agreement concluded between Britain, Austria, Russia, and Prussia on November 20, 1815, the same day as the second Treaty of Paris, by which the signatories pledged not only to uphold the peace with royalist France, but to prevent the return of Napoleon Bonaparte. The four powers also pledged to hold regular congresses, headed by sovereigns or chief ministers, whose purpose was to preserve continental stability and to discuss matters of common interest. The alliance inaugurated the Congress System by which peace in Europe was preserved for the subsequent 40 years. As a result of the Congress of Aix-la-Chapelle in 1818, France was invited back into the fold of Great Powers as an equal guardian of European stability, thereby rendering the Quadruple Alliance in effect a Quintuple Alliance.
   See also <>; <>.
   FURTHER READING:
    Kissinger, Henry. A World Restored: Metternich, Castlereagh, and the Problem of Peace 1812–1822 . London: Weidenfeld & Nicolson, 1957;
    Lowe, John. The Concert of Europe: International Relations, 1814–70 . London: Hodder & Stoughton, 1991.
   GREGORY FREMONT-BARNES

Encyclopedia of the Age of Imperialism, 1800–1914. 2014.

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