Guizot, François

Guizot, François
(1787–1874)
   French statesman and historian whose father was executed during the Reign of Terror in 1794. Guizot started a legal career in Paris in 1805, but from 1812 to 1830 he was a professor of modern history at the Sorbonne, where his intellectually formative publications included Sur l ’ histoire de France and Histoire de la revolution d ’ Angleterre. Guizot’s sympathy with moderate royalists drew him into politics after the July Revolution of 1830 as an advocate of a constitutional monarchy with limited suffrage and supporter of the July Monarchy of Louis Philippe. As minister of education, 1832–1837, he introduced a new system of primary instruction.
   Guizot served briefly as French ambassador to London, before becoming foreign minister and finally prime minister in 1847. Guizot was fond of British gradualism in political reform, but his conservatism led to the fall of his government and the abdication of Louis Philippe in the February Revolution of 1848. He devoted the rest of his life to writing.
   FURTHER READING:
    Brush, Elizabeth Parnham. Guizot in the Early Years of the Orleanist Monarchy. Urbana: University of Illinois Press, 1929.
   CARL CAVANAGH HODGE

Encyclopedia of the Age of Imperialism, 1800–1914. 2014.

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