Concordat of 1801

Concordat of 1801
   A form of truce signed by Napoleon Bonaparte (1769–1821), as First Consul of France, and the new Roman Catholic Pope, Pius VII (1742–1823). Roman Catholicism was recognized as the religion of the majority of French citizens, which came into full communion with the Vatican. The Concordat accepted supremacy of the state over the Church in the nomination of bishops. The general law of public worship of April 1802 was applied to other religious orders and clergy was placed under state laws. Although the concordat did not satisfy diehard anticlericals and devoted Catholics; it healed the schism between the priests, and Napoleon received the support of the papacy. When he was crowned Emperor in December 1804, the pope was present.
   FURTHER READING:
    Alexander, R. S. Napoleon. London: Arnold, 2001;
    Englund, S. Napoleon: A Political Life. New York: Scribner, 2004;
    Furet, François. The French Revolution, 1770-1815. Cambridge: Basil Blackwell, 1996.
   PATIT PABAN MISHRA

Encyclopedia of the Age of Imperialism, 1800–1914. 2014.

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