Adrianople, Treaty of

Adrianople, Treaty of
(1829)
   The peace treaty ending the Russo-Turkish War of 1828–1829. The war’s proximate cause was the sinking of the Turkish-Egyptian fleet at Navarino in October 1827. The fleet was moored there in support of operations that aimed at suppressing the Greek revolt in the Morea. An allied force of British, French, and Russian naval units had moved into the harbor to pressure the Turks into mediation, but under tense conditions fighting began and resulted in the annihilation of the Turko-Egyptian force. The Turks then repudiated the Convention of Akkerman, an earlier diplomatic agreement with the Russians, which had dealt with a number of outstanding issues between the powers.
   Fighting began in April of 1828, and although the Russians initially made little headway, by August 1839, Russian forces were in possession of Adrianople, an ancient Ottoman capital and strategic point within a few days march of Constantinople. The Turks were forced to sue for peace. Negotiations began on September 2, 1839. By September 14, the peace treaty was signed. The Turks recognized Russian territorial gains at the mouth of the Danube, Russian annexation of Georgia and eastern Armenia, Russian suzeraintry over Circassia; free and unfettered passage for Russian merchant ships through the Straits, freedom for Russian merchants to conduct trade throughout the Ottoman Empire, and renewed acceptance by the Ottomans of the autonomy of Moldova, Wallachia, Serbia, and Greece. Although Greek autonomy was included in the clauses of the treaty, it was outstanding friction between Russia and Turkey over the Caucasus and the Balkans generally, not the Greek drive for independence, which had caused the war and with which the peace was primarily involved. Although the conquest of Constantinople had perhaps been within Russia’s grasp, the Russian court decided at this time that the collapse of the Ottoman Empire was less in her interest than a predominant Russian influence at the Ottoman court in the future.
   See also <>; <>.
   FURTHER READING:
    Anderson, M. S. The Eastern Question 1774-1923. London: Macmillan, 1966;
    Hale, William. Turkish Foreign Policy 1774-2000. London: Frank Cass, 2000;
    Jelavich, Barbara. A Century of Russian Foreign Policy 1814-1914. Philadelphia: J. B. Lippincott, 1964;
    Karsh, Efraim, and Inari Karsh. Empires of the Sand: The Struggle for Mastery in the Middle East 1789-1923. Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press, 1999.
   ROBERT DAVIS

Encyclopedia of the Age of Imperialism, 1800–1914. 2014.

Игры ⚽ Нужно сделать НИР?

Look at other dictionaries:

  • Treaty of Constantinople (1832) — Map showing the original territory of the Kingdom of Greece as laid down in the Treaty of 1832 (in dark blue). The Τreaty of Constantinople was the product of the Constantinople Conference which opened in February 1832 with the participation of… …   Wikipedia

  • Treaty of Paris (1856) — For other treaties of Paris, see Treaty of Paris. From Auguste Blanchard s copper plate engraving after Edouard Dubufe s Picture …   Wikipedia

  • Treaty of Adrianople — The Peace Treaty of Adrianople (also called the Treaty of Edirne) concluded the Russo Turkish War, 1828 1829 between Russia and the Ottoman Empire. It was signed on September 14, 1829 in Adrianople by Russia s Count Aleksey Orlov and by Turkey s… …   Wikipedia

  • Treaty of Balta Liman — The Treaties of Balta Liman were both signed in Balta Liman (near Istanbul) with the Ottoman Empire as one of its signatories. Contents 1 1838 2 1849 3 References 4 See also …   Wikipedia

  • treaty — /tree tee/, n., pl. treaties. 1. a formal agreement between two or more states in reference to peace, alliance, commerce, or other international relations. 2. the formal document embodying such an international agreement. 3. any agreement or… …   Universalium

  • Treaty of Saint Petersburg (1834) — The Treaty of Saint Petersburg was concluded on January 29, 1834 between the Ottoman Porte and Russia. This treaty, by promising the evacuation of the Principalities, and reducing the Turkish payments to one third of the stipulated amount,… …   Wikipedia

  • Treaty of Edirne — The Treaty of Edirne may also be known as: *Peace of Szeged (1444), between the Ottoman Empire and Hungary *Treaty of Adrianople (1829), between the Ottoman Empire and Russia …   Wikipedia

  • Adrianople, Battle of — or Battle of Hadrianopolis (AD 378) Battle fought in what is now Edirne, Tur. , that marked the beginning of serious Germanic incursions into Roman territory. It pitted the Roman army under the emperor Valens against the horsemen of the Visigoths …   Universalium

  • Edirne, Treaty of — or Treaty of Adrianople (September 14, 1829) Pact concluding the Russo Turkish War of 1828–29. Signed at Edirne (ancient Adrianople), Turkey, the treaty opened the Turkish straits to Russian shipping and granted Russia some territorial… …   Universalium

  • North Atlantic Treaty — authentication page Type Military Alliance Signed 4 April 1949 Location Washington, D.C. Effective 24 August 1949 Condition …   Wikipedia

Share the article and excerpts

Direct link
Do a right-click on the link above
and select “Copy Link”