Bashi-Bazouks

Bashi-Bazouks
   Irregular Ottoman cavalrymen noted for their horsemanship, lack of discipline, and cruelty. Sometimes referred to as the “Spahis of the Orient,” they were usually Albanians, Circassians, or Kurds. The Anglo-French forces sought to employ them during the Crimean War but had little success in developing military discipline among them. In 1876, bashi-bazouks massacred 12,000 Christians in putting down a revolt against Ottoman rule. The “Bulgarian atrocities” provoked international outrage, particularly among pan-Slavists in Russia and in Britain in the attacks of William Gladstone against the government of Benjamin Disraeli for its support of Turkey.
   See also <>; <>; <>.
   FURTHER READING:
    Goodwin, Jason. Lords of the Horizons: A History of the Ottoman Empire. London: Chatto & Windus, 1998.
   CARL CAVANAGH HODGE

Encyclopedia of the Age of Imperialism, 1800–1914. 2014.

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